photo
Projects

7

Publications

80

Awards

11


Contact Details

Associate Professor, Immunology

Biography

Cathy Rush is Associate Professor, Immunology in the College of Medicine and Dentistry and a member of the Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM). 

Cathy is a cellular immunologist and a teaching/research/service JCU Academic with research interests that focus on the fundamental biology of macrophages, dendritic cells and T cells in host-bacteria interactions and chronic inflammatory conditions.

Research interests

Cathy's research interests focus on dissecting the immune mechanisms responsible for initiating and driving chronic inflammatory diseases and how some of these conditions impair the body's efforts to combat severe bacterial diseases including tuberculosis (TB) and melioidosis. We know that type 2 diabetes, chronic inflammatory lung diseases like COPD and co-infections with parasites may affect the immune responses in these bacterial infections. An understanding of these basic principles, pathways and processes of our immune system is essential for devising strategies to fight infectious diseases or treat immune-mediated disorders.

Cathy's research sits at the intersection of communicable and non-communicable diseases.  Her expertise in mechanistic cellular immunology and use of pre-clinical models is applied across immunology, microbiology, autoimmunity, cardiovascular disease and vaccines to investigate drivers and interventions for different immune-mediated and infectious diseases. Cathy and her team use the state-of-the-art PC2 and high-containment PC3 facilities at JCU for their infectious disease research.

Her interests in TB and melioidosis and expertise in infectious disease immunology strongly align with JCUs tropical health and medicine agenda of addressing the significant health security threats facing northern Australia and in our near neighbours in Papua New Guinea. 

Research performance

Cathy's research outputs include >105 peer-reviewed publications, including research papers, reviews and multiple book chapters:

  • 4258 Citations ~ 40 citations/paper (Google Scholar (GS))
  • h-index 34, i10 index 59 (GS)
  • Published in the world's leading journals on topics related to immunology, autoimmunity, inflammation, infection. These include:
    • Science (Journal impact factor (IF) =47); In her field IF of 4 is a major contribution, >7 substantial work, >10 major work of international importance, >15 exceptional.
    • Science Advances (IF=14.1)
    • Blood (IF=22.1)
    • Journal of Experimental Medicine (IF=12.6)
    • PNAS (IF=9.4)
Research student supervision

The outputs of Cathy's research grants have included Higher Degree Research (HDR) student completions (14 in previous10 years) with >80% scholarly outputs emanating from HDR supervision. She is a leader of postgraduate research learners where she strives to respond to the current research in HDR pedagogy and the changes in doctoral education by supporting students to develop transferable knowledge and skills to prepare them for careers both inside and outside academia. Cathy was a JCU HDR Advisor of the Year Award Winner in 2013 and 2016.

Teaching activities

Cathy teaches Microbiology and Immunology across various JCU courses including:

  • B. Biomedical Sciences/B.Medical Laboratory Science: MI3061 (Advanced Immunobiology), BM2220 (Infection and Immunity), ML3102 (Professional Practice, Laboratory Management and Quality Assurance)
  • B. Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery: MD2011 (Haematology and Renal Medicine module), MD3011 (Infection, Inflammation and Immunology module)
  • B. Pharmacy: PC2220 (Applied Therapeutics and Pharmacy Practice 2)

Administrative responsibilities

As Section Head of Vertebrate Disease Terrestrial (i.e. Microbiology and Immunology), Cathy manages the activities of 7 Academic Staff (Level A>D), providing them with career and research mentorship.


Current Research Projects

The table below highlights some of our current research projects.

Project TitleResearch teamParticipating InstitutionsFunderProject summary

Melioidosis on the move: What is the public health response? 

Chief Investigators: Jeffrey Warner, Mirjam Kaestli, Simon Smith, Ella Meumann, Mark Mayo, Catherine Rush, Allison Hempenstall, Bart Currie, Christopher Heather

Associate Investigators: Robert Norton, Vicki Krause, Josh Hanson, Paul Horwood, Ulf Schmitz, Stephanie Topp, Amy Jennison, Victoria Kerrigan

James Cook University, Menzies School of Health Research, Cairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service, Townsville Hospital and Health Service

NHMRC Ideas Grant ID 2028308

Melioidosis is an often fatal infectious disease acquired from the environment and cases are rising in Australia. It mostly affects people living in regional locations who suffer from conditions like diabetes. Without the correct treatment, people die so awareness that this disease exists in communities is important for successful outcomes. This study will use innovative microbiology, genome and public health tools to detect and predict current and future melioidosis risk across the country.

Metagenomics of the human gut protozome to determine the impact on tuberculosis co-infections in rural Papua New Guinea

Jessica Scott, Jeffrey Warner, Wayne Melrose, Catherine Rush

James Cook University



Gut parasites: Understanding unique predisposition to TB in rural PNG will aid in a more informed TB control programme

Catherine Rush, Jeffrey Warner, Jessica Scott, Wayne Melrose, 

James Cook University



Oxidative stress drives the evolution of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria

Catherine Rush, Jeffrey Warner, Phil Hansbro, Diana Quan-Le, Yaoqin Hong, Andreas Kupz, Lucy Woodbury

James Cook University, University of Technology Sydney



Research

Research Interests

  • Host-pathogen interactions in tuberculosis
  • Melioidosis in North Queensland
  • Co-morbidities associated with tuberculosis susceptibility and progression 
  • Soil-transmitted helminths and their influence on tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea
  • TB co-morbidities and antimicrobial resistance
  • Immunological mechanisms responsible for initiating and driving the chronic inflammatory diseases , Type 2 Diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Projects
Research Data

Teaching

Research Advisor Accreditation
Advisor Type

Mentor

Research Advisor Accreditation
Role

Chair; Independent Academic


Taught Modules
Current JCU Research Students
Does Oxidative Stress drive the Evolution of Drug-resistant (DR) Mycobacterium Tunerculosis (Mtb) within the Infected Macrophage?
Master of Philosophy (Medical, Molecular and Veterinary Sciences)
Antibodies as Biomarkers of Tuberculosis Disease States
Master of Philosophy (Medical, Molecular and Veterinary Sciences)
Studies in the development and evaluation of molecular tools for the identification and characterisation of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis in resource limited settings.
Doctor of Philosophy (Medical, Molecular and Veterinary Sciences)
Epidemiology of Soil-transmitted Helminths in a Community from Rural Papua New Guinea
Doctor of Philosophy (Medical, Molecular and Veterinary Sciences)
Investigating the Impact of Neuromuscular Fatigue and Exercise Induced Muscle Damage on Motor Skills
Doctor of Philosophy (Health)
Completed JCU Research Students
Novel tools to reduce the virulence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Doctor of Philosophy (Medical and Molecular Sciences)- 2022
Determination of the Role of Group G Strep in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Heart Disease Using a Rat Model of RF/RHD.
Doctorate by Research - time-based- 2018
Characterisation of immune responses to mycobacterial infections in a murine model of type 2 diabetes.
Doctorate by Research - time-based- 2018
The Persistence and Microecology of Burkholderia Pseudomallei in Townsville Groundwater
Master of Philosophy (Medical, Molecular and Veterinary Sciences)- 2025
Mechanisms driving tuberculosis susceptibility and vaccine efficacy in HIV/AIDS and type 2 diabetes
Doctor of Philosophy (Medical and Molecular Sciences)- 2020
Studies in the immune response to lung disease: rural PNG and urban Australia
Doctor of Philosophy (Medical and Molecular Sciences)- 2024
Circulating Cells Associated with Cardiovascular Outcomes in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease
Doctorate by Research - time-based- 2018
Development of adjuvant therapy to treat biofilm-related Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infection
Doctor of Philosophy (Medical and Molecular Sciences)- 2022

Activities

Employment
Awards
Committees
Associations

Output

Harrison, Drew C.; Doma, Kenji; Rush, Catherine; Connor, Jonathan D. (2024) 'Acute effects of exerci. Biology of Sport, 41 (3):153-168. [D ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
McIntyre, Sophie; Warner, Jeffrey; Rush, Catherine; Vanderven, Hillary A. (2023) 'Antibodies as clin. Frontiers in Imm, 14 . [DOI] ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Pant, Narayan; Rush, Catherine; Warner, Jeffrey; Eisen, Damon P. (2023) 'Effect of Savirin or Ticagr. Microorganisms, 11 (2). [DOI] ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Scott, Jessica; Emeto, Theophilus; Melrose, Wayne; Warner, Jeffrey; Rush, Catherine (2023) 'Seroepid. Americ, 108 ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Webb, Rebecca J.; Rush, Catherine; Berger, Lee; Skerratt, Lee F.; Roberts, Alexandra A. (2023) 'Glut. Bi, ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Pant, Narayan; Miranda-Hernandez, Socorro; Rush, Catherine; Warner, Jeffrey; Eisen, Damon P. (2022) ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Sarathkumara, Yomani D.; Browne, Daniel J.; Kelly, Ashton M.; Pattinson, David J.; Rush, Catherine M...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Pant, Narayan; Miranda-Hernandez, Socorro; Rush, Catherine; Warner, Jeffrey; Eisen, Damon P. (2022) ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Morris, Jodie L.; Govan, Brenda L.; Rush, Catherine M.; Ketheesan, Natkunam (2021) 'Identification o. Microbes and I, 23 (4-5). [ ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Warner, Jeffrey; Rush, Catherine (2021) 'Tropical fever in remote tropics: tuberculosis or melioidos. Microbiology Australia, 42 (4):173-178. [DOI] ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Sathkumara, Harindra D.; Hansen, Karyina; Miranda-Hernandez, Socorro; Govan, Brenda; Rush, Catherine...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Muruganandah, Visai; Sathkumara, Harindra D.; Pai, Saparna; Rush, Catherine M.; Brosch, Roland; Waar...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Sathkumara, Harindra D.; Muruganandah, Visai; Cooper, Martha M.; Field, Matt A.; Alim, Md Abdul; Bro...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Alim, Mohammad Abdul; Kupz, Andreas; Sikder, Suchandan; Rush, Catherine; Govan, Brenda; Ketheesan, N...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Diefenbach-Elstob, Tanya; Guernier, Vanina; Burgess, Graham; Pelowa, Daniel; Dowi, Robert; Gula, Bis...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Diefenbach-Elstob, Tanya; Guernier-Cambert, Vanina; Gula, Bisato; Dowi, Robert; Pelowa, Daniel; Poma...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Sikder, Suchandan; Price, Georgina; Alim, Md. Abdul; Gautam, Anil; Simpson, Robert Scott; Rush, Cath...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Alim, Md Abdul; Sikder, Suchandan; Sathkumara Mudiyanselage, Harindra; Kupz, Andreas; Rush, Catherin...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Guernier-Cambert, Vanina; Diefenbach-Elstob, Tanya; Klotoe, Bernice J.; Burgess, Graham; Pelowa, Dan...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Sikder, Suchandan; Rush, Catherine M.; Govan, Brenda L.; Alim, Md A.; Ketheesan, Natkunam (2019) 'An. ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Sikder, Suchandan; Williams, Natasha L.; Sorenson, Alanna E.; Alim, Md A.; Vidgen, Miranda E.; Morel...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Vangaveti, Venkat; Shashidhar, Venkatesh; Collier, Fiona; Hodge, Jason; Rush, Catherine; Malabu, Usm...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Krishna, Smriti Murali; Seto, Sai-Wang; Jose, Roby J.; Li, Jiaze; Morton, Susan K.; Biros, Erik; Wan...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Alim, Md Abdul; Sikder, Suchandan; Bridson, Tahnee L.; Rush, Catherine M.; Govan, Brenda L.; Kethees...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Morris, Jodie L.; Fane, Anne; Sarovich, Derek; Price, Erin P.; Rush, Catherine M.; Govan, Brenda L.;...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
McNeilly, Celia; Cosh, Samantha; Vu, Therese; Nichols, Jemma; Henningham, Anna; Hofmann, Andreas; Fa...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Batzloff, Michael R.; Fane, Anne; Gorton, Davina; Pandey, Manisha; Rivera-Hernandez, Tania; Calcutt,...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Yu, Hongyou; Moran, Corey S.; Trollope, Alexandra F.; Woodward, Lynn; Kinobe, Robert; Rush, Catherin...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Gorton, Davina; Sikder, Suchandan; Williams, Natasha L.; Chilton, Lisa; Rush, Catherine M.; Govan, B...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Moran, Corey S.; Rush, Catherine M.; Dougan, Tammy; Jose, Roby J.; Biros, Erik; Norman, Paul E.; Ger...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Morris, Jodie L.; Bridson, Tahnee L.; Alim, Md Abdul; Rush, Catherine M.; Rudd, Donna M.; Govan, Bre...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Williams, Natasha L.; Morris, Jodie L.; Rush, Catherine M.; Ketheesan, Natkunam (2015) 'Plasmacytoid. Microbes a, 17 (4):3...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Hodgson, Kelly; Morris, Jodie; Bridson, Tahnee; Govan, Brenda; Rush, Catherine; Ketheesan, Natkunam ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Morris, Jodie; Fane, Anne; Rush, Catherine; Govan, Brenda; Mayo, Mark; Currie, Bart J.; Ketheesan, N...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Martin, D.; Wallace, D.; Crowe, M.; Rush, C.; Tosenovsky, P.; Golledge, J. (2014) 'Association of to. European Journa, 47 (4):422-43...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Emeto, Theophilus I.; Moxon, Joseph V.; Biros, Erik; Rush, Catherine M.; Clancy, Paula; Woodward, Ly...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Williams, Natasha; Morris, Jodie L.; Rush, Catherine M.; Ketheesan, N (2014) 'Migration of dendritic. Infection and Immuni, 82 (10):4233-4240....
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Vangaveti, Venkat N.; Shashidar, Venkatesh M.; Rush, Catherine; Malabu, Usman H.; Rasalam, Roy R.; C...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Biros, Erik; Moran, Corey S.; Rush, Catherine M.; Gäbel, Gabor; Schreurs, Charlotte; Lindeman, Jan H...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Moxon, Joseph V.; Liu, Dawei; Moran, Corey S.; Crossman, David J.; Krishna, Smriti M.; Yonglitthipag...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Rush, Catherine M.; Govan, Brenda L.; Sikder, Suchandan; Williams, Natasha L.; Ketheesan, Natkunam (...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Vangaveti, Venkat; Rush, Catherine; Thomas, Linda; Rasalam, Roy R.; Malabu, Usman H.; McCoombe, Scot...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Moran, Corey S.; Jose, Roby J.; Moxon, Joseph V.; Roomberg, Alicia; Norman, Paul E.; Rush, Catherine...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Krishna, Smriti M.; Seto, Sai Wang; Moxon, Joseph V.; Rush, Catherine; Walker, Phillip J.; Norman, P...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
La Fauce, K.; Ariel, E.; Munns, S.; Rush, C.; Owens, L. (2012) 'Influence of temperature and exposur. Aquaculture, 354-355 :64-67. [DOI] ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Morris, Jodie; Williams, Natasha; Rush, Catherine; Govan, Brenda; Sangla, Kunwarjit; Ketheesan, Natk...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Gibson, Vivienne B.; Benson, Robert A.; Bryson, Karen J.; McInnes, Iain B.; Rush, Catherine M.; Gras...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Williams, Natasha L.; Morris, Jodie L.; Rush, Catherine; Govan, Brenda L.; Ketheesan, Natkunam (2011...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Emeto, Theophilus I.; Moxon, Joseph V.; Rush, Catherine; Woodward, Lynn; Golledge, Jonathan (2011) '....
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Rush, Catherine M.; Mitchell, Timothy J.; Garside, Paul (2010) 'A detailed characterisation of the d. Vaccine, 28 (6):1620-1634. [DOI] ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Golledge, Jonathan; Cullen, Bradford; Moran, Corey; Rush, Catherine (2010) 'Efficacy of simvastatin . CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS A, 24 (5-6):373-378. [ ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Golledge, Jonathan; Clancy, Paula; Moran, Corey; Biros, Erik; Rush, Catherine; Walker, Philip; Norma...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Benson, Robert A.; Patakas, Agapitos; Conigliaro, Paola; Rush, Catherine M.; Garside, Paul; McInnes,...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Golledge, Jonathan; Cullen, Bradford; Rush, Catherine; Moran, Corey S.; Secomb, Emma; Wood, Frances;...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Pal, Shripad N.; Rush, Catherine; Parr, Adam; Van Campenhout, Ann; Golledge, Jonathan (2010) 'Osteoc. Athe, 21...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Rush, Catherine M.; Millington, Owain R.; Hutchison, Sharon; Bryson, Karen; Brewer, James M.; Garsid...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Rush, Catherine; Nyara, Moses; Moxon, Joseph V.; Trollope, Alexandra; Cullen, Bradford; Golledge, Jo...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Van Campenhout, Ann; Moran, Corey S.; Parr, Adam; Clancy, Paula; Rush, Catherine; Jakubowski, Hieron...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Mangan, Simone H.; Van Campenhout, Ann; Rush, Catherine; Golledge, Jonathan (2007) 'Osteoprotegerin . Cardiovascular, 76 (3):494-5...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Golledge, Jonathan; Van Campenhout, Ann; Pal, Shripad; Rush, Catherine (2007) 'Bone marrow-derived c. Journal of Vascular, 46 (3):590-600. ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Millington, O.R.; Zinselmeyer, B.H.; Brewer, J.M.; Garside, P.; Rush, C.M. (2007) 'Lymphocyte tracki. 56 (10):391-401...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Millington, Owain R.; Gibson, Vivienne B.; Rush, Catherine M.; Zinselmeyer, Bernd H.; Phillips, R. S...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Schneider, Helga; Downey, Jos; Smith, Andrew; Zinselmeyer, Bemd H.; Rush, Catherine; Brewer, James M...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Rush, Catherine M. ; Mitchell, Timothy J.; Burke, Bernard; Garside, Paul (2006) 'Dissecting the comp. Vaccine, 24 (6):776-784....
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Zinselmeyer, Bernd H.; Dempster, John; Gurney, Alison M.; Wokosin, David; Miller, Mark; Ho, Hsiang; ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Smith, Karen M.; Brewer, James M.; Rush, Catherine; Riley, Jillian; Garside, Paul (2004) 'In vivo ge. Journal , 173 (3...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Robinson, K.; Chamberlain, L.M.; Lopez, M.C.; Rush, C.M.; Marcotte, H.; Le Page, R.W.F.; Wells, J.M....
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Adams, Claire L.; Rush, Catherine M.; Smith, Karen M.; Garside, Paul (2004) 'Tracking antigen-specif. Methods in Molecular , 239 :133-146. [DOI ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Adams, Claire L.; Koberts, Natalie; Meiklejohn, Gordon R.; Millington, Owain R.; Grierson, Angela M....
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Rush, Catherine; Mitchell, Tim; Garside, Paul (2002) 'Efficient priming of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. Journal of Immunology, 169 (9):4951-4960. [DOI] ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Ricci, Susanna; Medaglini, Donata; Rush, Catherine M.; Marcello, Alessandro; Peppoloni, Samuele; Man...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Di Fabio, S.; Medaglini, D.; Rush, C.M.; Corrias, F.; Panzini, G.L.; Pace, M.; Verani, P.; Pozzi, G;...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Medaglini, Donata; Rush, Catherine M.; Sestini, Piersante; Pozzi, Gianni (1997) 'Commensal bacteria . Vaccine, 15 (12):1330-13...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Rush, C.; Hafner, L.; Timms, P. (1997) 'Protein A as a fusion partner for the expression of heterolo. 47 (5):537-542. [DOI] ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Medaglini, Donata; Ricci, Susanna; Maggi, Tiziana; Rush, Catherine M.; Manganelli, Ricardo; Oggioni,...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Rush, Catherine M.; Timms, Peter (1996) 'In vitro survival characteristics of koala chlamydiae'. Wildlife Research, 23 (2):213-219. [DOI] ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Hafner, L.M.; Rush, C.M.; Timms, P (1996) 'The vaginal microbiota of guinea pigs'. 9 (3):123-127. ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Wei, Ming-Qian; Rush, Catherine M.; Norman, Julianne M.; Hafner, Louise M.; Epping, Ronald J.; Timms...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Rush, C.M.; Hafner, L.M.; Timms, P. (1994) 'Genetic modification of a vaginal strain of Lactobacillu. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 41 (4):272-278. [DOI] ...
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU