Projects 9
Publications 26
Awards 0

Biography

Dr Carol. A. Flavell, PhD, MSc (Biomechanics), G Dip Phty, is a senior lecturer in physiotherapy, in the College of Healthcare Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine. Carol received membership to the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy in 1985, from Wolverhampton School of Physiotherapy, UK, a MSc (biomechanics research) from the University of the Sunshine Coast in 2010, and a PhD from James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia, funded by a Research Training Program Scholarship in 2018.She is an Australian registered physiotherapist  and practiced clinically between 1985 and 2010 in private and public health settings in UK, New Zealand, and Australia, and has also recently practiced in a volunteer capacity in Northern Vanuatu. Prior to becoming a full-time teaching and research academic at James Cook University in 2011, she was a subject coordinator for anatomy (systemic and functional), and a tutor in sports biomechanics, at the University of the Sunshine Coast. Her post-doctoral research was conducted at King’s College London, in collaboration with Plymouth University, University College London, UK, and the University of Ioannina, Greece. Carol is a primary research advisor for PhD, MSc, and Honours students and her passion is supervising honours students and a variety of allied health clinicians who undertake Masters by course work research and health service evaluation projects, MPhil or PhD. Carol's research interests include new technologies for physiotherapy practice, muscle measurement with real time ultrasound, physiotherapy in chronic disease (focused on HIV, vestibular disorders, and chronic low back pain rehabilitation). Previous research experience includes biomechanical analysis of movement dysfunction, and validity and reliability of physiotherapy measurement tools. Carol reviews for several scientific journals, and a previous member of the JCU, Gender Equity Self-Assessment Team Working Group, and Sports Medicine Australia. Carol is a current member of, The Canada-International HIV and Rehabilitation Research Collaborative (CIHRRC), The Australia & New Zealand Musculoskeletal Clinical Trials Network (ANZMUSC), Osteoarthritis special interest group, and The Collaborative Australian Research Initiative (CAPRI).

Research

Research Interests

Chronic health  conditions - musculoskeletal, HIV, Vestibular and balance disorders, degenerative and inflammatory joint disease.

psychometric properties of physiotherapy assessment and interventions

real time ultrasound in physiotherapy

New technologies in physiotherapy

Projects

Research Collaborators and Partners

University of Toronto
Flinders University
Queensland Health
James Cook University
University College London
Charles Darwin University
Queensland Health
University College London
James Cook University
James Cook University
James Cook University
University College London
Tropical Australian Academic Health Centre Limited
Orthopaedic Research Institute of Queensland
James Cook University
James Cook University
University of Tasmania
Queensland Health
University College London

Teaching

Teaching Interests

Health service evaluation processes

Evidence Based Practice

Research methods

Musculo skeletal physiotherapy

Real time Ultrasound in physiotherapy assessment and intervention

Physiotherapy interventions for chronic health conditions




Research Advisor Accreditation

Advisor Type

Primary


Taught Modules

Current JCU Research Students

The Perception of Damaged Structure in Lower Back Pain as a Primary Contributor to Maladaptive Responding and Chronic
Doctorate by Research - time-based

Current Honours and External Research Students

The Effectiveness of Physiotherapy in Improving Patient Outcomes for Postpartum Rectus Diastasis: A Systematic Review
HONOURS- 2024

Completed Honours and External Research Students

Physiotherapy management of Rugby Union Injuries
HONOURS
The effects of exercise programs on functional outsomes following total hip arthroplasty
HONOURS
Measuring asymmetry of the lumbar multifidus muscle in amateur cricket pace bowlers using real-time ultrasound.
HONOURS
Reported Health Challenges and Co-morbidities Experienced by People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Developed Nations: A systematic review
HONOURS
oes standardisation of probe force, inclination and roll improve reliability of real-time ultrasound imaging to measure transverse abdominis in a novice examiner?
HONOURS
Acute Low Back Pain: Does Consumer Knowledge and Understanding Align with Current Clinical Diagnosis and Management Guidelines?
HONOURS
Real time ultrasound imaging of transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus in chronic low back pain populations: a systematic review of methodological consistency and measurement reliability
HONOURS
Inter-rater reliability of a football injury screening tool
HONOURS
​How should exercise be prescribed for patients with persistent low back pain related lateral abdominal muscle impairments?
PHD

Activities

Education

Associations

Employment

Languages

Consultancy

Balance Metrix,
2023 - 2024

Output

Flavell, Carol Ann (2017) Chronic low back pain: diagnostic classification, physical assessment and ultrasound imaging. [Thesis] [DOI]
Other Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, Carol (2009) Injuries to the triceps surae muscle of elite rugby union front rowers: a qualitative video analysis and 3 dimensional kinematic analysis of the front row during live scrummaging. [Thesis] [DOI]
Other Publication ResearchOnline@JCU
Prentice, Caitlin L.S.; Milanese, Steven; Flavell, Carol A.; Massy-Westropp, Nicola (2024) 'A dose response analysis of exercise prescription variables for lateral abdominal muscle thickness and activation: A systematic review'. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 38 :24-41. [DOI]
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Tang, Wilson; Flavell, Carol Ann; Grant, Andrea; Doma, Kenji (2022) 'The effects of exercise on function and pain following total hip arthroplasty: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis'. Physical Therapy Reviews, 27 (4):247-266. [DOI]
Journal Publication ResearchOnline@JCU
Saleh, Alzayat; Laradji, Issam H.; Lammie, Corey; Vazquez, David; Flavell, Carol Ann; Rahimi Azghadi, Mostafa (2021) 'A deep learning localization method for measuring abdominal muscle dimensions in ultrasound images'. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 25 :3865-3873. [DOI]
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Johnson, Lisa; Flavell, Carol Ann (2021) 'Health challenges and comorbidities experienced by people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in developed nations: a systematic review'. HIV Nursing, 21 (2):29-53. [DOI]
Journal Publication Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, Carol A.; Marshman, Laurence G.; Gordon, Susan J. (2019) 'Measurement of transversus abdominis activation in chronic low back pain patients using a novel standardized real-time ultrasound imaging method'. Ultrasound, 27 (1):31-37. [DOI]
Journal Publication ResearchOnline@JCU
Kennedy, Vanessa; Flavell, Carol; Doma, Kenji (2019) 'Intra-rater reliability of transversus abdominis measurement by a novice examiner: comparison of “freehand” to “probe force device” method of real-time ultrasound imaging'. Ultrasound, 27 (3):156-166. [DOI]
Journal Publication ResearchOnline@JCU
Toumazou, Matthew; Flavell, Carol A.; Gordon, Susan J. (2018) 'Measurement of lumbar multifidus asymmetry in amateur cricket pace bowlers using real-time ultrasound'. International Journal of Exercise Science, 11 (3):875-885.
Journal Publication ResearchOnline@JCU
Whittle, Connie; Flavell, Carol Ann; Gordon, Susan Jayne (2017) 'Methodological consistency and measurement reliability of transversus abdominis real time ultrasound imaging in chronic low back pain populations: a systematic review'. Physical Therapy Reviews, 22 (1-2):48-59. [DOI]
Journal Publication ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, Carol Ann; Gordon, Susan; Marshman, Laurence (2016) 'Classification characteristics of a chronic low back pain population using a combined McKenzie and patho-anatomical assessment'. Manual Therapy, 26 :201-207. [DOI]
Journal Publication ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, Carol Ann; Gordon, Susan; Watt, Kerrianne (2016) 'Intra-examiner reliability of lumbar spine and neuro-dynamic flexibility measurements in an older and overweight healthy asymptomatic population'. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 30 (1):79-84. [DOI]
Journal Publication ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, Carol Ann; Gordon, Susan; Marshman, Laurence; Watt, Kerrianne (2014) 'Inter-rater reliability of classification systems in chronic low back pain populations: a systematic review'. Physical Therapy Reviews, 19 (3):204-212. [DOI]
Journal Publication ResearchOnline@JCU
Milanese, Steven; Gordon, Susan; Buettner, Petra; Flavell, Carol; Ruston, Sally; Coe, Damian; O'Sullivan, William; McCormack, Steven (2014) 'Reliability and concurrent validity of knee angle measurement: smart phone app versus universal goniometer used by experienced and novice clinicians'. Manual Therapy, 19 (6):569-574. [DOI]
Journal Publication ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, Carol A.; Sayers, Mark G.L.; Gordon, Susan J.; Lee, James B. (2013) 'Mechanisms for triceps surae injury in high performance front row rugby union players: a kinematic analysis of scrummaging drills'. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 12 :159-164.
Journal Publication ResearchOnline@JCU
Marsden, J.; Pavlou, M.; Dennett, R.; Gibbon, A.; Knight-Lozano, R.; Jeu, L.; Flavell, C.; Freeman, J; Bamiou, D.E.; Harris, Chris; Hawton, A.; Goodwin, E.; Jones, B.; Creanor, S. (2020) 'Vestibular rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial and cost-effectiveness analysis comparing customised with booklet based vestibular rehabilitation for vestibulopathy and a 12  month observational cohort study of the symptom reduction and recurrence rate following treatment for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo' BMC Neurology, 20 . [DOI]
Journal Contribution Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, Carol; Gordon, Susan; Marshman, Laurence (2016) 'Reply to the letter to the editor regarding ‘Classification characteristics of a chronic low back pain population using a combined McKenzie and patho-anatomical assessment’' Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 27 (e7) :e7-e7. [DOI]
Journal Contribution ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, C.; Gordon, S.; Marshman, L. (2015) 'Association between symptom duration and intensity, disability, range of motion, and modified pain perceptions amongst chronic low back pain patients' Physiotherapy, 101 (Supplememt 1) :eS390-eS390. [DOI]
Journal Contribution ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, Carol Ann (2014) 'Telehealth using a McKenzie approach in physiotherapy student education' McKenzie Institute International World Press, 3 (4) .
Journal Contribution ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, Carol; Marshman, Laurence; Gordon, Susan; Watt, Kerrianne (2012) 'Chronic low back pain: diagnostic classification, intervention and outcome' Annals of the ACTM, 13 (2) :23-23.
Journal Contribution Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, C. (2010) 'Injuries to the triceps surae muscle of elite rugby union front rowers: a 3 dimensional kinematic analysis of the front row during live scrimmaging' Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 12 (Supplement 2) :e88-e89. [DOI]
Journal Contribution Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Prentice, Caitlin; Milanese, Steven; Nicola, Massy-Westropp; Flavell, Carol (2023) 11th Interdisciplinary World Congress on Low Back and Pelvic Girdle pain Feasibility study protocol: exercise for improving lateral abdominal impairments Melbourne, VIC, Australia, .
Conference Contribution ResearchOnline@JCU
Prentice, C.; Milanese, S.; Massy-Westropp, N.; Flavell, C. (2023) Ignite 2023 Physiotherapy Conference Exercise for improving lateral abdominal muscle impairments: a feasibility study protocol Brisbane, QLD, Australia, .
Conference Contribution ResearchOnline@JCU
Whittle, Connie; Flavell, Carol (2015) Townsville Health Symposium 2015: Spotlight on Local Researchers Real time ultrasound scanning of lumbar multifidus in chronic low back pain populations: a systematic review of methodological consistency and measurement reliability Townsville, QLD, Australia, .
Conference Contribution Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, C.A.; Gordon, S.; Marshman, L. (2012) 15th World Congress of Pain Clinicians 2012 Chronic low back pain: diagnostic classification Granada, Spain, .
Conference Contribution Open Access ResearchOnline@JCU
Flavell, Carol; Sayers, Mark (2010) Queensland Injury Prevention Council – Evidence to Action Symposium, Townsville, Australia 18-19 November 2010 Injury in the triceps surae in Rugby Union players: a biomechanical analysis of front row players during scrummaging James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia, .
Conference Contribution ResearchOnline@JCU