Editorial: Proximate and ultimate approaches to behavior in a changing world

[Extract] Tinbergen's (1963) classic four questions for the study of animal behavior have been applied across a range of study species and contexts and provide a solid foundation for understanding species' responses to rapid environmental change. Tinbergen's (1963) proximate questions include understanding the mechanisms (causation) and development (ontogeny) of behavior, while the ultimate questions include understanding the function (adaptive significance) and evolution of behavior. Integrating proximate and ultimate approaches to understanding behavior in an increasingly human-dominated world gives insights into broader conservation and management strategies for mitigating the negative effects on animal species. The current collection of research reports provides insights into how a changing world affects different species, and provides some context for Tinbergen's focus. The contributors to this special issue demonstrate a varied and diverse approach to this topic, highlighting the inclusive nature of Tinbergen's approach to the study of animal behavior. While broad-scale conclusions cannot be drawn, the range of topics showcases how different experts are tackling these questions from a variety of angles.

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution

10

2296-701X

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N/A

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