The Expected Impacts of Climate Change on the Ocean Economy

Gaines, Steve;Cabral, Reniel;Free, Christopher M.;Golbuu, Yimnang;Arnason, Ragnar;Battista, Willow;Bradley, Darcy;Cheung, William;Fabricius, Katharina;Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove;Juinio-Meñez, Marie Antonette;Molinos, Jorge García;Ojea, Elena;O’Reilly, Erin;Turley, Carol

Reniel Cabral

Abstract

The ocean is critically important to our global economy. Collectively, it is estimated that ocean-based industries and activities contribute hundreds of millions of jobs and approximately US$2.5 trillion to the global economy each year, making it the world’s seventh-largest economy when compared with national gross domestic products (GDPs) (Hoegh-Guldberg 2015; IPCC 2019). In addition, the nonmarket services and benefits provided by the ocean are significant and may in fact far exceed the value added by market-based goods and services (Costanza et al. 2014).

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The Blue Compendium: From Knowledge to Action for a Sustainable Ocean Economy

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ISBN/ISSN

978-3-031-16277-0

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Springer Cham

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Cham, Switzerland

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DOI

10.1007/978-3-031-16277-0_2