Combined supplementation with EPA-rich fish oil and phytosterols improved plasma lipid profile and C-reactive protein (CRP) in individuals with hyperlipidemia

Book Chapter ResearchOnline@JCU
Micallef, Michelle A.;Garg, Manohar L.
Michelle Krahe
Abstract

The treatment of hyperlipidemia, particularly reducing LDL-cholesterol and triglyceride concentration, is established as an efficacious means of reducing both morbidity and mortality from CVD. Dietary supplementation with phytosterols is known to reduce LDL-cholesterol, whilst omega-3 PUF A are hypotriglyceridemic and have immuno-modulatory properties. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of combined supplementation with EPA-rich fish oil and phytosterols on cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with combined hyperlipidemia. Fifty-eight healthy hyperlipidemic adults, were randomly assigned to consume 3 x I g EPA-rich (550 mg 20:Sn-3 and 120 mg 22:6n-3) fish oil capsules daily or 3 x 1 g placebo (sunola oil) capsules daily, either alone or in combination with 25 g phytosterol­cnriched spread (2 g phytosterols) daily for 3 weeks. Blood pressure, plasma lipid profile, plasma fatty acids and inflammatory status were analysed. Phytosterol supplementation significantly reduced total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (-8.0 % and -7.5 %, P < 0.01), whilst fish oil supplementation significantly improved triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol (-8.5 %, P < 0.05; +6.5 %, P < 0.0 I). Total-cholesterol, LDL-cholcsterol, triglycerides and HDL­cholesterol were significantly improved (-9.5 %, P < 0.01; -7 .5 %, P < 0.0 I; -22.2 %, P < 0.01; +7.1 %, P < 0.01) following the combined dietary supplementation. CRP concentration was reduced by 11 % (P = 0.02) in the combination group. ln conclusion, the combined supplementation of EPA-rich fish oil capsules and a phytosterol-enriched spread provide cardiovascular health benefits, by way of optimising plasma lipid profile and improving inflammatory status in individuals with combined hyperlipidemia.

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Eicosapentaenoic acid: Sources, health effects and role in disease prevention

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978-1-62257-480-3

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13

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Nova Science Publishers Inc.

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Hauppauge, NY, USA

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