Ancient genomes document multiple waves of migration in Southeast Asian prehistory

Lipson, Mark;Cheronet, Olivia;Mallick, Swapan;Rohland, Nadin;Oxenham, Marc;Pietrusewsky, Michael;Pryce, Thomas;Willis, Anna;Matsumura, Hirofumi;Buckley, Hallie;Domett, Kate;Nguyen, Giang Hai;Trinh, Hoang Hiep;Kyaw, Aung Aung;Win, Tin Tin;Pradier, Baptiste;Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen;Candilio, Francesca;Changmai, Piya;Fernandes, Daniel;Ferry, Matthew;Gamarra, Beatriz;Harney, Eadaoin;Kampuansai, Jatupol;Kutanan, Wibhu;Michel, Megan;Novak, Mario;Oppenheimer, Jonas;Sirak, Kendra;Stewardson, Kristin;Zhang, Zhao;Flegontov, Pavel;Pinhasi, Ron;Reich, David

Anna Willis Kate Domett

Abstract

Southeast Asia is home to rich human genetic and linguistic diversity, but the details of past population movements in the region are not well known. Here, we report genome-wide ancient DNA data from eighteen Southeast Asian individuals spanning from the Neolithic period through the Iron Age (4100–1700 years ago). Early farmers from Man Bac in Vietnam exhibit a mixture of East Asian (southern Chinese agriculturalist) and deeply diverged eastern Eurasian (hunter-gatherer) ancestry characteristic of Austroasiatic speakers, with similar ancestry as far south as Indonesia providing evidence for an expansive initial spread of Austroasiatic languages. By the Bronze Age, in a parallel pattern to Europe, sites in Vietnam and Myanmar show close connections to present-day majority groups, reflecting substantial additional influxes of migrants.

Journal

Science

Publication Name

N/A

Volume

361

ISBN/ISSN

1095-9203

Edition

N/A

Issue

6397

Pages Count

Location

N/A

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science

Publisher Url

N/A

Publisher Location

N/A

Publish Date

N/A

Url

N/A

Date

N/A

EISSN

N/A

DOI

10.1126/science.aat3188